Often misunderstood and underappreciated, rats can make fantastic pets for the right person. These intelligent, curious, and affectionate creatures are great companions and can provide endless entertainment and joy. In this guide, we’ll explore everything you need to know about rats as pets, from their cost and care requirements to their unique personalities and compatibility with other animals.
Overview of Rats
Let’s start with a quick reference table of the most important information about rats as pets:
| Rat Name | Common Rat |
|---|---|
| Scientific Name | Rattus norvegicus |
| Family | Muridae |
| Care Level | Easy |
| Ideal Habitat Temperature | Between 65-75°F (18-24°C) |
| Personality and temperament | Friendly, social, curious, intelligent |
| Typical appearance and any unique markings | Slender body with soft, smooth fur; typically gray or brown with white belly; may have variations in coat color and markings |
| Color Varieties | Various, including black, white, agouti, cinnamon, and more |
| Typical Lifespan | 2-3 years |
| Size | 6-10 inches (15-25 cm) long, not including the tail, which is an additional 6-8 inches (15-20 cm) |
| Primary Diet | Pelleted rat food, supplemented with fresh fruits and vegetables and occasional treats |
| Treats | Fruits, vegetables, cooked pasta, lean meats, seeds, and nuts |
| Minimum habitat size | 2 cubic feet per rat |
| Ideal habitat | Multi-level cage with plenty of space for climbing and exploring, as well as areas for sleeping and hiding |
| Exercise | Free-range time outside of the cage, as well as toys and activities inside the cage |
| Compatibility with each other | Highly social and should be housed in pairs or small groups of the same sex |
| What animals can they live with? | Rats should only be housed with other rats, as they may be at risk of injury or stress when housed with other species |
| Typical Cost in US Dollars from Breeders | Approximately $10-20 per rat |
| Typical Cost in US Dollars from Pet Store | Approximately $10-20 per rat |
| Can be found in pounds and animal rescues? | Yes, rats can often be found in animal shelters and rescues |
How Are Rats as Pets?
Pros and Cons of Pet Rats
Pros:
- Intelligent and trainable
- Affectionate and bond with their owners
- Quiet and clean
- Low space requirements
- Social animals that thrive in pairs or groups
Cons:
- Shorter lifespan (2-3 years)
- Require daily social interaction and mental stimulation
- Can be prone to health issues
- Not ideal for those with allergies to rodents
- Some people may have a negative perception of rats as pets
How Much Do Rats Cost?
Rats typically cost between $10-$20 from a breeder and $5-$15 from a rescue or pet store. Keep in mind that this cost is just for the rat itself, and you’ll also need to budget for the initial setup of their habitat, food, and ongoing care supplies.
Quick Facts About Rats
Rat Lifespan: How Long Do Rats Live as Pets?
Rats have a typical lifespan of 2-3 years. With proper care, some rats may live slightly longer, but it’s important to be prepared for the shorter lifespan compared to other pets like dogs or cats.
Looks and Appearances
Rats have short fur, rounded ears, and a long tail. They are agile and have a compact body, which makes them excellent climbers and skilled at navigating their environment.
Color Varieties
Rats come in a wide range of colors and patterns, including white, black, brown, and even blue or silver. Some rats may have a solid color, while others have markings like spots, stripes, or patches.
Size
Rats generally measure 9-11 inches in length, including their tail. Males are typically larger and heavier than females.
Rat Temperament and Personality
Rats are intelligent, affectionate, and social creatures. They enjoy spending time with their owners and can even learn tricks or respond to their names. Rats thrive in pairs or small groups, so it’s important to provide them with the companionship they need.
Caring For Rats
Are Rats Easy to Care For?
Rats have relatively simple care requirements, making them easy to medium pets to care for. They need a clean, safe habitat with plenty of space to explore and exercise, as well as a balanced diet and regular social interaction. However, rats can be prone to health issues, so it’s important to monitor their health closely and seek veterinary care when needed.
Habitat
An ideal rat habitat is a wire cage with multiple levels, hiding spots, and nesting areas. The minimum habitat size is 2 square feet per rat, but larger enclosures are always better. Rats need toys and accessories for climbing, playing, and mental stimulation.
Indoor or Outdoors?
Rats should be kept indoors, as they are sensitive to temperature fluctuations and are at risk of predators when outdoors.
Primary Diet For Rats
Rats should be fed rat-specific pellets, fresh vegetables, and some fruits as their primary diet. Avoid feeding them high-fat or sugary foods, as these can lead to obesity and other health issues.
Rat Treats
Healthy treats for rats include small pieces of fruit, vegetables, or cooked pasta. These can be used as rewards for training or just to spoil your furry friend. Be cautious not to overfeed treats, as it can lead to an imbalanced diet.
Exercise
Rats need regular exercise to stay healthy and happy. Provide them with running wheels, climbing toys, and puzzles to keep them mentally and physically stimulated. You can also let them explore a safe and supervised play area outside their cage to encourage exercise and social interaction.
Common Health Issues
Rats can be prone to various health issues, including respiratory problems, tumors, and dental issues. Regular veterinary checkups and monitoring your rat’s health can help detect and address problems early.
Can Rats Live With Other Animals?
While rats are social creatures and thrive when housed with other rats, it’s not recommended to house them with other species. They may be at risk of injury or stress due to incompatible behaviors, sizes, or care requirements.
Rat Breeding Considerations
Breeding rats is not recommended for casual pet owners, as it requires a thorough understanding of their genetic background, health, and temperament. It’s also essential to consider the responsibility of caring for the offspring and finding suitable homes for them. If you’re interested in breeding rats, it’s best to work with an experienced breeder or join a rat-specific club or organization to learn more about the process.
FAQ for Rats as Pets
Q: Are rats good pets for kids?
A: Rats can be good pets for kids who are responsible, gentle, and understand how to handle and care for small animals. They can teach children about empathy, responsibility, and animal care. However, it’s essential for parents to supervise interactions and ensure that the rat’s care needs are met.
Q: Do rats bite?
A: Rats may bite if they feel threatened or stressed, but they are generally gentle animals. Proper socialization, handling, and understanding of rat body language can minimize the risk of bites.
Q: Can rats be litter trained?
A: Yes, rats can be litter trained. They are intelligent animals and can quickly learn to use a designated litter box in their habitat. Training may require patience and consistency, but it can make cleaning their enclosure much easier.
Q: Can I keep just one rat?
A: Rats are social animals and thrive in pairs or small groups. It’s not recommended to keep a single rat, as they may become lonely and stressed without the companionship of another rat. If you’re considering getting a rat, plan to adopt at least two so they can keep each other company.